Firewalls
A firewall is a hardware or software solution to enforce security policies. In the physical security analogy, a firewall is equivalent to a door lock on a perimeter door or on a door to a room inside of the building - it permits only authorized users such as those with a key or access card to enter. A firewall has built-in filters that can disallow unauthorized or potentially dangerous material from entering the system. It also logs attempted intrusions.
From : www.tecrime.com/0gloss.htm
IPFWADM
Ipfwadm is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the IP firewall and accounting rules in the Linux kernel. These rules can be divided into four different catagories: accounting of IP packets, the IP input firewall, the IP output firewall, and the IP forwarding firewall. For each of these catagories, a separate list of rules is maintained. See ipfw(4) for more details.
It should be noted that when combined with various other firewalling technologies including fwtk it can create a very robust, secure, firewall device. It is important to mention that it unto itself is a very flexible single technology firewalling solution. When combined with fwtk which operates at the application level it becomes even more powerful.
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IPFWADM
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